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  • 1
    Article
    Article
    When will formality become the norm?
    2015
    ISSN: 0971-7927 
    Details
    Language: English
    In: The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, 2015-06, Vol.58 (2), p.233-244
    Description: An enterprise is not inherently formal or informal with regard to its characteristics (such as size, among other things) or the nature of employment. Informality is a choice in relation to regulation by the State. In order to grow, firms need external funds that they access from financial institutions. This requires them to reveal their assets as collateral and once they access financial institutions, they leave a paper trail that facilitates tax enforcement. This indicates a relationship between financial development and tax buoyancy, which this paper explores. In addition, the impact of judicial efficiency in terms of contract enforcement, collateral regimes, and bankruptcy laws affects the flow of finance and the incentive to be informal.
    Subject(s): Economics ; Development Economics ; Formality ; Financial institutions ; Tax buoyancy ; Judicial efficiency ; Labor Economics ; Industrial Organization
    ISSN: 0971-7927
    E-ISSN: 0019-5308
    DOI: 10.1007/s41027-016-0021-8
    Source: Alma/SFX Local Collection
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  • 2
    Article
    Article
    The employment effects of labour legislation in India: a critical essay
    2010
    ISSN: 0019-8692 
    Details
    Language: English
    In: Industrial relations journal, 2010-03, Vol.41 (2), p.122-135
    Description: ABSTRACT Job security regulations have been central to government interventions in the labour market in India. These have been criticised for restricting employment growth. We argue that job security regulation has not had the negative effects its critics make a case out for. Firms have changed work practices and reorganised job boundaries as the import substituting industrialisation regime was dismantled. Weak enforcement of laws has supported this restructuring effort, with firms resorting to voluntary retirement of workers and increasingly hiring on the basis of flexible contracts. A two‐tier system of employment currently prevails, with job security for the employed insiders and no protection to newly hired outsiders. Unorganised workers' employment prospects have been furthered in this emerging scenario, and their alliance with firms and the state results in an atrophying of job security regulations.
    Subject(s): Employment
    ISSN: 0019-8692
    E-ISSN: 1468-2338
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2338.2009.00558.x
    Source: Business Source Ultimate
    Source: Alma/SFX Local Collection
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  • 3
    Article
    Article
    Migrants and Informal Casual Labour Markets
    2019
    ISSN: 0971-7927 
    Details
    Language: English
    In: Indian journal of labour economics, 2019-12, Vol.62 (4), p.533-548
    ISSN: 0971-7927
    E-ISSN: 0019-5308
    DOI: 10.1007/s41027-019-00194-5
    Source: Alma/SFX Local Collection
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  • 4
    Article
    Article
    The Fiscal Response to the Global Crisis
    2009
    ISSN: 0256-0909 
    Details
    Language: English
    In: Vikalpa, 2009-07, Vol.34 (3), p.47-52
    Description: India's banks had no direct exposure to the subprime mortgage assets. Yet India was affected by the global financial crisis as its economy has significantly integrated with the global economy in the recent past in terms of the globalization of trade and financial integration. The global crisis resulted in a reversal of capital flows to India and a slump in the demand for its exports. This caused a deceleration in growth and the policy response was a fiscal and monetary stimulus that resulted in the fiscal deficit being the highest since 1993–94, the revenue deficit that is the largest ever in India's history, and an aggressive reduction in monetary policy rates. The massive government borrowing programme has resulted in a hardening of the yield on government securities which adversely affects aggregate output. As financial markets have factored in a lack of commitment to fiscal correction, the intentions of the fiscal stimulus have been impeded. The fiscal stimulus lacks sustainability, states Errol D'Souza.
    Subject(s): Monetary policy ; Economic impact ; International finance ; Economic crisis
    ISSN: 0256-0909
    E-ISSN: 2395-3799
    DOI: 10.1177/0256090920090306
    Source: Directory of Open Access Journals
    Source: © ProQuest LLC All rights reserved〈img src="https://exlibris-pub.s3.amazonaws.com/PQ_Logo.jpg" style="vertical-align:middle;margin-left:7px"〉
    URL: View record in Directory of Open Access Journals$$FView record in $$GDirectory of Open Access Journals
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  • 5
    Article
    Article
    Collusion in Government and Corruption
    2009
    ISSN: 0260-1079 
    Details
    Language: English
    In: Journal of interdisciplinary economics, 2009-05, Vol.21 (1), p.17-33
    Description: Politicians require bureaucrats to implement policies. Due to information asymmetry about who is to be considered a beneficiary of policy screening devices like red tape are used. This results in opportunism by individuals to portray themselves as deserving beneficiaries of policies and discretion in the hands of the bureaucrat. Bureaucrats and individuals collude to conceal information and transact in bribes. Politicians also collude with bureaucrats and use transfers or postings to reveal the value of bribes transacted. Collusion makes the separation of powers ineffective in providing checks and balances. Public monitoring by the press and civil society then remains the most effective way to deter corruption. Corruption is not so much due to the culture of greed and the dispassionate pursuit of self interest, or due to wrong policies such as low wages in the public sector, but stems from the inherent design of non-market institutions set up to promote the social good.
    ISSN: 0260-1079
    E-ISSN: 2321-5305
    DOI: 10.1177/02601079X09002100103
    Source: SAGE Complete A-Z List
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  • 6
    Article
    Article
    Gold Monetisation Scheme for India
    2015
    ISSN: 0012-9976 
    Details
    Language: English
    In: Economic and political weekly, 2015-03-21, Vol.50 (12), p.23-27
    Description: Currently India is the largest consumer and importer of gold in the world. Monetising the gold within the country is, therefore, important for macroeconomic stability, and requires a credible scheme for valuing, storing, and tracking the metal.
    Subject(s): BUDGET 2015-16 ; Banking industry ; International economic relations ; Trade deficit ; International trade ; Laboratories ; Metals ; Gold markets ; Joint ventures ; Enterprise resource planning ; Macroeconomics ; Budgets ; Success ; Public sector
    ISSN: 0012-9976
    E-ISSN: 2349-8846
    Source: Alma/SFX Local Collection
    Source: Nexis Uni
    Source: JSTOR Arts & Sciences VI
    Source: © ProQuest LLC All rights reserved〈img src="https://exlibris-pub.s3.amazonaws.com/PQ_Logo.jpg" style="vertical-align:middle;margin-left:7px"〉
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  • 7
    Article
    Article
    Development of Stable Liquid Glucagon Formulations for Use in Artificial Pancreas
    2014
    ISSN: 1932-2968 
    Details
    Language: English
    In: Journal of diabetes science and technology, 2014-10-28, Vol.9 (1), p.8-16
    Description: Background: A promising approach to treat diabetes is the development of fully automated artificial/bionic pancreas systems that use both insulin and glucagon to maintain euglycemia. A physically and chemically stable liquid formulation of glucagon does not currently exist. Our goal is to develop a glucagon formulation that is stable as a clear and gel-free solution, free of fibrils and that has the requisite long-term shelf life for storage in the supply chain, short-term stability for at least 7 days at 37°C, and pump compatibility for use in a bihormonal pump. Methods: We report the development of two distinct families of stable liquid glucagon formulations which utilize surfactant or surfactant-like excipients (LMPC and DDM) to “immobilize” the glucagon in solution potentially through the formation of micelles and prevention of interaction between glucagon molecules. Results: Data are presented that demonstrate long-term physical and chemical stability (~2 years) at 5°C, short-term stability (up to 1 month) under accelerated 37°C testing conditions, pump compatibility for up to 9 days, and adequate glucose responses in dogs and diabetic swine. Conclusions: These stable glucagon formulations show utility and promise for further development in artificial pancreas systems.
    Subject(s): Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - drug therapy ; Drug Delivery Systems - instrumentation ; Drug Stability ; Humans ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - pathology ; Pharmaceutical Solutions - chemistry ; Glucagon - administration & dosage ; Male ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - drug therapy ; Animals ; Pharmaceutical Solutions - administration & dosage ; Swine ; Glucagon - chemistry ; Dogs ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - pathology ; Female ; Drug Delivery Systems - methods ; Pancreas, Artificial ; Index Medicus
    ISSN: 1932-2968
    E-ISSN: 1932-2968
    DOI: 10.1177/1932296814555541
    Source: SAGE Complete A-Z List
    Source: PubMed Central
    Source: © ProQuest LLC All rights reserved〈img src="https://exlibris-pub.s3.amazonaws.com/PQ_Logo.jpg" style="vertical-align:middle;margin-left:7px"〉
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  • 8
    Book
    Book
    What constrains business?: the role of the 'single widow' in Gujarat, India
    2011
    Details
    Description: The investment climate of a region reflects the location specific factors that provide opportunities and incentives for firms to invest, create jobs, and expand. A good investment climate removes unjustified costs, risks, and barriers to competition and encourages firms to invest and undertake productivity improvements that can benefit workers and consumers as well...
    Subject(s): HD Industries. Land use. Labor ; HF Commerce ; HC Economic History and Conditions
    Source: LSE Research Online
    URL: View record in London School of Economics$$FView record in $$GLondon School of Economics
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  • 9
    Article
    Article
    Globalisation's Underbelly: Capital Flows and Indian Economy
    2008
    ISSN: 0012-9976 
    Details
    Language: English
    In: Economic and political weekly, 2008-08-30, Vol.43 (35), p.34-38
    Description: Recent capital flows to India have been predominantly portfolio flows and they have been associated with a deteriorating current account position. To induce foreign savings to finance current account deficits requires the interest rate in India to rise. When capital flows are associated with rising investment expenditure, economic growth is viewed as sustainable and foreign capital's willingness to share in the upside benefits through the acquisition of equity increases. To prevent the exchange rate appreciation associated with rising capital flows, the Reserve Bank of India has been accumulating foreign exchange reserves. This results in a rise in liquidity and a build-up of inflationary pressures. The RBI then resorts to sterilisation to mop up the excess liquidity in the financial system. This article discusses the implications of these processes for the financial system and the economy.
    Subject(s): Productivity ; Emerging markets ; Perspectives ; Central banks ; Capital mobility ; Economic sterilization ; Federal budget deficit ; International economics ; Interest rates ; Financial investments
    ISSN: 0012-9976
    E-ISSN: 2349-8846
    Source: Alma/SFX Local Collection
    Source: JSTOR Arts & Sciences VI
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  • 10
    Article
    Article
    Food Subsidy: Concept, Rationale, Implementation Design and Policy Reforms
    2014
    ISSN: 0012-9976 
    Details
    Language: English
    In: Economic and political weekly, 2014-12-27, Vol.49 (52), p.36-44
    Description: This paper counters negative advocacy about the food subsidy, the public distribution system, and farm price supports. It argues that the public food supply chain for market intervention has a favourable impact on the cost-benefit ratio, poverty reduction, calorie consumption by the poor and productivity-led agricultural growth. The paper proposes reforms for the six pillars of the public food supply chain. These include: an alternative poverty line concept that is linked to the minimum "norms" for calorie intake enabling a reduction of the exclusion and inclusion errors, procurementjustforthe PDsand buffer stocks to be purchased at a farm price that is fully cost-based, fair price shops with fixed and adequate time of operations; "indent" of the demand, doorstep delivery, and so on.
    Subject(s): Procurement ; REVIEW OF RURAL AFFAIRS ; Agricultural prices ; Farm economics ; Urban areas ; Food security ; Market prices ; Food economics ; Economic costs ; State government ; Calories
    ISSN: 0012-9976
    E-ISSN: 2349-8846
    Source: Alma/SFX Local Collection
    Source: Nexis Uni
    Source: JSTOR Arts & Sciences VI
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